Regulation and dysregulation of disease specific immune responses by human dendritic cell subset

Summary: Abstract Body: Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for controlling immune responses. Different DC subsets exist, each with unique functions. Our research focuses on a subset found in the skin called CD5+ DCs. These cells are highly effective at activating immune responses, particularly those that kill infected cells and promote inflammation. Interestingly, CD5+ DCs are abundant in inflamed skin conditions like psoriasis but reduced in tumors. This suggests they play a complex role in different diseases. We found that CD5 on DCs promotes inflammation and enhances anti-tumor immunity, including responses to immunotherapy. Deleting CD5 from DCs hinders tumor rejection and reduces the effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy, a cancer treatment. Successful ICB therapy is associated with increased CD5+ DCs, which are essential for interacting with specific immune cells. Our findings highlight the importance of CD5+ DCs in regulating immune responses and provide valuable insights into how ICB immunotherapy works. harnessing CD5 on DCs could be a promising strategy to improve treatment outcomes for cancer patients and inhibiting CD5 could therefore attenuate autoimmuity.. Eynav Klechevsky¹ 1. Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States. Adaptive and Auto-Immunity