Exploring strategies to mitigate sebaceous gland cell aging

Summary: Abstract Body: Objective: Sebaceous glands (SGs) are essential for skin health, producing sebum that forms a protective lipid barrier to maintain hydration and defend against environmental damage. However, aging and stressors such as UV radiation compromise SG function, leading to dryness, oxidative stress, and reduced barrier integrity. This study investigates the protective effects of pterostilbene on UV-damaged SG cells and its potential for mitigating skin aging. Methods: An in vitro model of UV-damaged sebaceous gland cells (SG cells) was established to evaluate the effects of pterostilbene on lipid synthesis, oxidative stress reduction, and the regulation of senescence- and inflammation-related genes. Results: UV irradiation accelerated SG aging in a dose-dependent manner, reducing lipid synthesis by 10.71% and 17.50% at doses of 10 J and 20 J, respectively, while ROS levels increased to 401% and 555%. Gene expression analysis showed elevated senescence markers (p53, p16) and decreased expression of differentiation- and lipid-regulating genes (Blimp1, c-Myc, PPARγ). Pterostilbene effectively counteracted these effects, reducing ROS levels, enhancing lipid synthesis, and modulating key senescence and differentiation-related gene pathways. Conclusion: This study provides initial evidence that pterostilbene effectively mitigates UV-induced aging in sebaceous gland cells by enhancing lipid production, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating key molecular pathways, including senescence- and differentiation-related genes. These findings lay a foundation for developing targeted skincare solutions to promote sebaceous gland health and address age-related skin conditions, offering a promising avenue for anti-aging interventions. Qianqian Wang², Ye Zhong¹, Fan Hu¹, Rui Ye¹, Le Du¹ 1. Inertia Shanghai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China, China. 2. Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China. Translational Studies: Cell and Molecular Biology